Saudis and Privacy – Taking it too Far?

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When I had my mastectomy one year ago due to breast cancer, I had no problems in discussing and sharing my experience with anyone who wanted to know.  I attribute my forthrightness in this regard to being an American and having grown up in an environment where illness is a fact of life and not something that should be hidden or avoided as a topic.

However in Saudi Arabia the stigma’s continue to exist.  Privacy is tantamount in Saudi  Arabia and certain topics are simply not generally discussed or shared such as illness, family issues, divorce, and to a degree, marriage.  Is this a good practice or not?  I do believe that some topics should remain within a family but not to an extent where it can be detrimental to an individual.  Let me give you one example which I personally encountered.

After I had spoken candidly about my breast cancer with an emphasis to other women on the need for regular self checks and mammograms, one young Saudi woman sought me out privately.  She had had a lump in her breast for more than a year and was scared.  Yet she had not informed anyone in her family about her condition.  When I asked her why she had not told her mother or anyone else in her family her response was “then I will be viewed as defective and unmarriageable.”  She realized she needed to be examined by a doctor but was adamant that she did not want anyone in her immediate family to know.  As it turned out, she was at the age that some marriage offers had been presented hence her determination to not let it get out that she had any kind of problem or in her view, an ‘unfashionable deformity.’  Yes, I managed to get her to a doctor for examination and thankfully in her case it was a benign lump which did need to be removed.  At that juncture her family was informed.  Fortunately their reaction was supportive but she still insisted that if she had been diagnosed with cancer she would have become a pariah and outcast.

While many inroads are thankfully being made towards educating families about medical conditions more needs to be done.  Families need to better realize that a disease or infliction is a family concern.  It is a family concern because the family member who needs medical attention also needs moral and physical support from family and friends rather than be cast aside to be forgotten.

Another experience I have encountered as well is when a member of a family requires special needs due to Down’s Syndrome or some other affliction.  To my sadness in a lot of occasions, these family members are ostracized and hidden from view if the family is entertaining guests in the home.  Some families will rarely if ever even acknowledge there is a family member with such a diagnosis.  They may talk about other children and siblings but the name of the one with a health issue will not be mentioned.  Again, this goes back to the need for education and the need for support groups to be more readily available in the Kingdom.

I would like to see awareness and understanding started in the school systems during classes of health and science.  Awareness and understanding should also be ongoing with radio, tv and print campaigns.  Companies and organizations should help spread awareness through CSR campaigns which could have poster contests illustrating the need for understanding.

But coming back to the initial question raised at the beginning of this post…what is YOUR view?  Has the issue of privacy been taken too far?

Saudi Marriages: A Bi-Cultural Couple Speak Out

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An Australian woman and her Saudi husband have kindly allowed me to interview them about their relationship, bi-cultural experiences and future plans.

To begin with, let’s start with Mohammed.  When did you arrive in Australia?  And what brought you to Australia?

July 2007. I came to study my Masters Degree.

Is this your first time to Australia?  And what made you decide to come to Australia to study?

Yes. I tried to get a visa for America, but they made me wait for almost a year. So I decided to apply for Australia (it took two weeks for the visa!)

At what point did you meet the woman who is now your wife?  How did you meet?  What was it that attracted you to her?  And how soon after meeting her did you wish to marry her?

November 2007. We met at my homestay, she was a friend of the woman who ran the home stay. I liked that she was shy and had green eyes. I was thinking about marriage three months after we met – we were friends for that time.

Does your Saudi family know that you have married an Australian woman?  And if so, what was their reaction?  How accepting were they to learn that you have married a foreign woman?  If they do not know, why not?

Yes, they know. Half of my family agree and half of them don’t.

What kind of wedding did you have in Australia?  How long have you been married now?

We didn’t have a wedding, it was just an Islamic one. We are saving the real wedding for later when I have my visas and when we have saved money for the wedding party (if we have it in Saudi Arabia, it will cost a lot of money). We have been married for about a year and three months.

How would you describe your married life in Australia?  Do you and your wife have more of a Western or Eastern lifestyle?  What Australian traditions have been adapted and what Saudi traditions are followed?

Our married life is great. Our lifestyle is about 50% each way. For the Saudi way, sometimes depending on who is visiting we sit separately. I think Australian traditions have influenced us to sit with certain couples as well, not separate.

What are some of the cultural challenges you and your wife have experienced?  How have you resolved these challenges?

One big thing is that for Australians, it’s normal for men to hug women if they’re friends. I wasn’t really ok with that, so my wife figured out a way around the hugs.

Do you prefer for you and your wife to remain in Australia?  Why or why not?

Yes! I like the multicultural aspect of Australia.

Where are you originally from in Saudi Arabia?

The Eastern Province.

What challenges do you expect to face in taking your Australian wife to Saudi?  Will your extended family be accepting that you have chosen a foreign wife over a Saudi wife?

That she won’t like it at all. I think my extended family is split again, between who supports us and who doesn’t.

How are you preparing your wife for a life in Saudi Arabia?

I took her to my friends to show her how they live, my mother sent her an abaya, I have brought her mishmars (for around the house) and hijabs from Saudi Arabia. I also try to teach her what she can and can’t do there so she knows everything about it.

Overall do you recommend that Saudis who have a foreign wife live in or outside of Saudi Arabia?  Why or why not?

Both because both people have families and they have to keep in good contact with them.

Have you obtained Saudi governmental approval for your marriage yet?  If so, was it a difficult and timely process?  If not, why not?

No. We haven’t started trying yet – if I do it while on a scholarship, they will cancel it.

And now let’s shift to “E”, Mrs. Mohammad.  Would you please begin with how you met your husband?

We met at his home-stay, as my mother was friends with the woman who ran it. It was nearing my birthday and we were all organizing to have a small party there and I met him when he came home from university.

Did you have a traditional or non-traditional courtship?

Half half. We were friends for about 3 months after we met – this isn’t traditional for me, as for my friends if they met a guy they would just start dating instead of being friends.

What attracted you to Mohammad?  What drew you to him over Australian guys?

I just liked how different he was, he really stood out. He was very polite when I met him which was definitely attractive to me. I don’t think I made a conscious decision at the time about preferring him over Australians but I definitely prefer his values and the way he treats me in our marriage.

What was your family and friends reactions when they learned you were marrying a Saudi?  Were they accepting?  Did any try to discourage you?

My friends didn’t know for a very long time – this was only because I couldn’t imagine trying to explain the ins and outs of an Islamic marriage. I have introduced them to the idea of it now and they like it very much. All my family support us wholeheartedly. No one has tried to discourage us – as for my friends, they met him in the very beginning and all of them believe that he is the best man for me.

How much did you know about Saudi Arabia before marrying your husband?  And do you feel like you know more about Saudi Arabia and its culture and traditions now?

Not very much! Probably nothing at all. Now, I would consider myself able to educate people about the country – so I guess I know  a lot more. I understand the culture better and have learned to appreciate it, which is different from the beginning where I found it quite hard.

Can you speak Arabic?  If not, are you learning Arabic?

I can understand the direction of a conversation and speak a bit, but I can’t read or write at all. I am still trying to learn more spoken Arabic and am hoping to take formal lessons soon.

Please describe your wedding.  Was it big or small?  What kind of outfit did you wear?  Did you receive a dowry?

It wasn’t big at all. Like my husband said, it was just an Islamic ceremony. We are hoping to have a proper wedding party when we have cleared all Mohammad’s visas and decided what we are doing when he finishes his degree. I received a small dowry which was actually in the form of a ring – I was happy with that as I didn’t actually want any sort of dowry with money. I prefer things like receiving rings or promising a trip to Hajj or something like that. Both have monetary value but I myself just don’t feel very comfortable receiving or having the opportunity to receive a lot of money at the time of marrying.

Have you met or spoke to any of your husband’s family yet?

I have tried to speak to his mother, but the language differences make it hard. I have spoken to his sisters over the internet. My husband finishes his studies at the end of this year and I am planning to go to Bahrain (very close to his city) around that time so I have the opportunity to meet them.

What has it been like setting up house and learning to live with a spouse who has differing traditions and customs?  Have there been any challenges to overcome?

Wow, very different! For instance, I’ve come to expect that if a man and woman come, the woman and I will naturally sit with each other. This wasn’t the case in the beginning as I am quite shy when getting to know new people but I’m happy with that arrangement now. We’ve definitely had some challenges – I’d say the biggest is that his Saudi friends just turned up at our house. They didn’t call first, which is something I am used to. It made me feel quite uncomfortable, because usually I like to tidy the house, do the dishes etc and get some food prepared before people come. My husband has resolved this, first by letting his friends know that they must call first and secondly (which turned out to be very hilarious) he stopped opening the door.

How do you feel about possibly relocating to Saudi Arabia?  What do you expect your life to be like there?

The possibility is very exciting to me. It’s a bit scary, but I am happy to try something new. I expect my life to be very different and more family orientated than it is now. My husband has an arrangement with his father (quite common in Saudi) where the father builds a new story on top of the house for his son and his wife. So if we go there, we will be living in the same home as his family. I expect that my life will difficult but I also trust Mohammad in that he will do whatever he can to make it easier for me. I am looking forward to it. I am hoping to be able to work there as well, although considering I am studying politics, I am not sure how I will find a job.

What advice would you give to other women who are contemplating marriage to a Saudi?  What do they need to know?

I would tell them that their husband’s or future husband’s family is very important in his life and that they should a) understand that and b) try really hard to form a good relationship with them. They need to be open minded and patient..  It’s also important to talk with them about their future husband’s views on women and how they want their wife to act. My husband, for example, expects me to be more modest when I am around men. This isn’t a problem for me as I don’t have male friends anyway, but for women with male friends perhaps that could be a challenge. I would also advise them to educate themselves about Islam and be open to the religion – if you are completely against your husband’s religion, it will be harder. It also gives you a lot more things to do in Saudi (e.g. lectures, plays, etc). I know that many women married to Saudis are not Muslim, but (and I am speaking from experience) it is harder if you’re not. This more so depends on the man’s family, as they will play a big role in the upbringing of your children if you live in Saudi. If you are not comfortable with your children being Muslim, then you also have to come around to the idea as many Saudi men will consider that a necessity.

Are there any additional comments you’d like to add?

No, other than it’s been a lovely interview.

In closing, I sincerely thank Mr. and Mrs. Mohammad for allowing me to jointly interview them and sincerely wish them both all the best.

Saudi Arabia: H1N1 and Impact on Hajj

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On 3 June, the first case of the H1N1 flu was reported in Saudi Arabia and was brought to the Kingdom by a Filipine nurse who had arrived back to the Kingdom after having been on holiday.  Shortly thereafter additional cases were reported.  Of most concern was a Saudi family who was diagnosed with the virus after having returned to the Kingdom on a Saudi Airlines flight from New York.  As a result officials in the Kingdom from the Ministry of Health and those responsible for organizing Hajj are watching the spread of the H1N1 virus very carefully.  A hotline was established for residents in the Kingdom to call with their questions and where to go and get tested if they felt they may be exhibiting symptoms of the virus (8002494444).

Not surprisingly Saudi officials are monitoring the cases and spread of H1N1 worldwide.  They wish to contain individuals exhibiting any symptoms of H1N1 from entering the Kingdom particularly during Hajj when millions descend on Makkah.  An outbreak of H1N1 during Hajj could easily spread the virus not only within Saudi Arabia but quickly throughout countries of the world as pilgrims returned from Hajj back to their home countries.

For those who are interested, this web site tracks the spread of the H1N1 flu around the world.

Saudi Arabia: Is the Burka and Headcover a Sign of Fanaticism Islam?

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I was recently watching news on CNN which was discussing Muslim women who wear the burka (ie, abaya) and headcover and whether such attire was a sign of fanaticism Islam.  The reporter specifically mentioned movements in France, Turkey and Netherlands as well as elsewhere in Europe to make Islamic wear such as an abaya, burka, chador, headscarf, niqab or hijjab as illegal or prohibited attire.  In addition to the reason of appearing like an Islamic fanatic, the report also cited that such attire also indicated subservience and oppression of women.

I found the report insulting, discriminatory, arrogant and frankly ignorant.  It seems that we have nations of people who are jumping to (in)correct conclusions on Islamic dress and as a result, dictating what is or is not appropriate to them.  Isn’t this a bit presumptuous on the part of the democratic and free world?  Shouldn’t muslim women around the world have the choice to choose how they wish to dress?  In fact, whether they are muslim or not, shouldn’t it be up to the individual women on how conservatively or how liberal they wish to dress?

I know many Saudi women who believe that their niqab and hijjab is part of their identity.  However just because they have chosen (and I underscore chosen) to wear the niqab and hijjab I also know that many of these same women are by no means an Islamic fanatic.  Conservative and dedicated to their faith, yes.

Additionally can one really determine whether someone is an “Islamic fanatic” by the way they dress?  But first, how does one specifically identify an Islamic fanatic?  What are the specific signs?  Should there be such a label as an ‘Islamic fanatic?’  Is there such a thing as a Christian or Jewish fanatic?

Saudis Like Their Lamb

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If you are fortunate to be invited to the home of a Saudi for a meal, in all likelihood you will be served some type of dish containing lamb.  In my experience lamb seems to be the favored meat of Saudis.  Lamb will be prepared grilled, baked, fried, boiled and presented in a variety of many different ways.  However most popular and frequently served will be lamb and rice (also known as lamb kapsa).  In this case, the lamb will first be browned in a skillet and then it will be covered with water as it continues to cook.  Rice and spices will also be added giving it a very appetizing taste.

Another unique way in which lamb is served in Saudi Arabia is when a small lamb will be stuffed with rice and baked deep in the ground in a “desert” oven.  It is like a combination of baked and grilled lamb which is cooked slowly all day long.

Many Saudi families cook with lamb similar to how many westerners choose to cook with chicken as their primary and favored meat.  During Eid al Fitr and Eid al Adha most Saudi families will prepare their best dishes of lamb and oftentimes have slaughtered one or more lambs specifically for the occasion.

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I have not figured out exactly why lamb is the preferred meat of Saudis.  It can be a challenge for me as I do not wish to insult or slight anyone but I have never acquired a taste for lamb.  Even the smell of lamb cooking turns my stomach.  What I have done when we have been invited out and lamb is the main course is I will typically eat around the lamb enjoying the rice and salads that typically accompany a lamb dish.  Other times, I will also bring along a dish to share such as lasagna or moussaka made with ground beef.  I will always put some of the lamb dish on my plate as to not even take some would be viewed as rude.  Fortunately now that my Saudi family is aware that I have not been able to eat lamb they will always have another dish prepared for me.

June Saudi Fun Quiz is Ready

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The June 2009 Saudi Fun Quiz is ready.  You can either click this link or visit it from our Quiz page.   Just a little hint, you may want to review the June monthly posts first!

Good luck and enjoy!

Saudi Arabia and Popularity of Henna

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Henna is very popular in Saudi Arabia among both men and women.  Women will use henna to make exquisite designs on their hands, arms and feet for special occasions such as weddings and during the two Eid’s.  Henna is also used by both men and women for the hair as well.

However if you are not familiar with henna, you are probably wondering what is it?  Where did it come from?  How can it be used for both the body and the hair?

According to Wikipedia, henna is a flowering plant, the sole species in the genus Lawsonia in the family Lythraceae. It is native to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, southern Asia, and northern Australasia in semi-arid zones.  Henna, Lawsonia inermis, produces a burgundy dye molecule, lawsone. This molecule has an affinity for bonding with protein, and thus has been used to dye skin, hair, fingernails, leather, silk and wool.  The word “henna” comes from the Arabic name for Lawsonia inermis, pronounced /ħinnaːʔ/ or colloquially /ħinna/.

Henna is used in various festivals and celebrations. It is applied from a tube (similar to a tube of toothpaste) and the paste is left on the skin from a few hours to overnight and the stain can last a few days to a month depending on the quality of the paste, individual skin type and how long the paste is allowed to stay on the skin.  Covering the henna paste with a mixture of lemon juice and sugar and then wrapping the hands in loosely covered plastic bags also will make the henna dye darker and last longer on the hands.

Henna has many traditional and commercial uses, the most common being as a dye for hair, skin and fingernails, as a dye and preservative for leather and cloth, and as an anti-fungal. Henna flowers have been used to create perfume since ancient times, and henna perfume is experiencing a resurgence on the Internet.[5] Henna will repel some insect pests and mildew.

Henna has been used to adorn young women’s bodies as part of social and holiday celebrations since the late Bronze Age in the eastern Mediterranean. The earliest text mentioning henna in the context of marriage and fertility celebrations comes from the Ugaritic legend of Baal and Anath,[12] which has references to women marking themselves with henna in preparation to meet their husbands, and Anath adorning herself with henna to celebrate a victory over the enemies of Baal. Wall paintings excavated at Akrotiri (dating prior to the eruption of Thera in 1680 BCE) show women with markings consistent with henna on their nails, palms and soles, in a tableau consistent with the henna bridal description from Ugarit.[13] Many statuettes of young women dating between 1500 and 500 BCE along the Mediterranean coastline have raised hands with markings consistent with henna. This early connection between young, fertile women and henna seems to be the origin of the Night of the Henna, which is now celebrated world-wide.

Henna was regarded as having “Barakah”, blessings, and was applied for luck as well as joy and beauty.[19] Brides typically had the most henna, and the most complex patterns, to support their greatest joy, and wishes for luck.

In Saudi Arabia henna is always applied for weddings and Eid’s.  Young women will usually have intricate henna designs covering their hands.  Some women, but not all in Saudi, may also choose to have henna applied to the feet.  The older and more traditional women will apply henna to their fingertips and sometimes just a simple brown “ball” of henna in the middle of their hand.

Most Saudi women who choose to color their hair will also use henna.  In addition to using henna as a hair color, henna also thickens the hair and leaves it both silky and strong.  However henna applied to the hair is best for those who are brunette.  Henna can add very attractive red highlights to hair.  Henna should not be applied over commercially covered hair!   In fact, when one is in Saudi Arabia, you never know how many women out wearing their abaya, hijjab and niqab may also have an application of henna processing atop their hair as they shop.

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When I lived in Pakistan and also in India, I would get henna applied to my hands and feet each month or more often if there were a special occasion.  Personally, I believe that skillfully applied henna with an intricate design is very feminine and attractive.  However one time in Pakistan I happened to have the woman who applied henna create a small kitty cat tattoo on my right shoulder.  Little did I know at the time that the man who is now my husband, when he first saw the cat on my shoulder was very concerned whether or not I was a woman who liked tattoos!  (I’m not!)  He was quite relieved when he learned it was simply henna and disappeared within a week.

This web site for those interested in more details about henna and how it is used provides excellent information and illustrations.

Saudi Arabia and Thoughts of Independence

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Today is Independence day in America.  This is the day that Americans will rejoice in the freedom and democracy that is the right of every American citizen.  It is also my first Independence Day in America for quite some time.  The last three had been in Saudi Arabia and prior to that in Pakistan.  As a result, this Independence Day has me contemplative on what Independence truly means.  When compared to Saudi Arabia, I relish being in America and not having that continued feeling of watchfulness.  What do I mean by that?  It is something that one may not realize consciously while in the Kingdom but it is there nevertheless…that sensation of being watched and having to be careful of actions and words.  If it not watching out for the Hayan (Muttawa or religious police) then it is the need to be careful so as not to inadvertently offend a conservative Saudi national who may feel that too much hair is showing, lipstick is too bright or one has laughed too loudly.  Because in Saudi Arabia, the culture is for everyone to conform and overall in public settings, to be subdued for fear of drawing attention to oneself.

I also wish for more independence for the women in Saudi Arabia in the sense that they may work or attend University without the prior approval of their male mahrem (guardian).  I wish that more educational options would open up for women in Saudi Arabia such as more choices in engineering disciplines, law and other fields too.  If a Saudi woman would like to be the first Saudi female (and Muslim) woman in space, then she should have that opportunity.  If girls would like to have a basketball or softball team, they should be able to do so.

I don’t think I am asking for dramatic changes, at least not by Western terms.  But what I am asking and wishing for would probably be viewed as rather radical in Saudi terms as my hopes for the Saudi women are going against the tradition and culture currently in place.

So You Think YOU Can Dance, Saudi Style

In the United States there is a popular show on TV called “So You Think You Can Dance.”  Contestants who believe they have a natural dancing talent will audition.  If they are selected, then they will compete against a group of other dancers demonstrating their ability to dance from hip hop to classical dance routines.  Each week a dancer will be eliminated.  And at the end of show, one dancer will remain with a US$250,000 cash prize plus a featured role as a dancer.

Perhaps some of these gents from Saudi Arabia should audition:

Saudi Arabia, Islam and Owning a Dog

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Anyone who has been following my blog for a short time quickly picks up on the fact that not only am I an animal activist, but that I am very partial to cats.  That’s just me.  However, I also would never neglect or abuse a dog, even in Saudi Arabia or any other Islamic state.  There seems to be a misperception that dogs are haram (not allowed) in Islam.  That is not correct.  This site written by a Muslim veterinarian provides an excellent overview on dogs and Islam.

Some key points from the site are as follows:

All animals are a part of Allah’s creation and belong to Allah (swt). Muslims are custodians of this beautiful planet. How we care for animals and what we use them for we will be accountable for to Allah (swt). All of creation is Muslim, submitting to Allah’s will—only man and jinn are granted a freedom of choice. So yes, even animals are Muslim.

In the Holy Qur’aan (S4:36) we are advised to do good to “… what your right hands own …” According to the commentator Imaam Faghruddin al-Rhazi, this refers to all those who have no civil rights, including animals. Thus, the verse lays down the duty of being good toward animals.

All things “…have been created for you …” for our benefit (S2:29). It thus becomes our duty to protect, employ with dignity, and promote the well-being of any animal in our care. In this way, we are expressing our thankfulness to Allah (swt) for His blessings in a practical manner. (Qur’anic Foundations and Structure of Muslim Society, Mawlana F.R. Ansari, vol. 2, pp. 125-126)

Every animal has been created for a purpose. It is a duty upon every human being to respect Allah’s creation. If we ill treat any of His creation, we will be questioned about it on the Day of Judgment. Sayyidina ’Umar (ra) was very concerned about the animals during his rule as Amir or head of the Islamic empire.

However, Dr. Ayoub Banderker then summarizes the key points pertaining to Islam and dogs as:
1. It is NOT haraam to own a dog, though it is not hygienic to keep a dog in the house.

2. It is NOT haraam to touch a dog or any other animal. If the saliva of a dog touches you or any part of your clothing, then it is required of you to wash the body part touched and the item of clothing touched by the dog’s mouth or snout.

3. It is incumbent upon all Muslims who own animals, whether for farming or work purposes or as pets, to provide adequate shelter, food, water, and, when needed, veterinary care for their animals. Arrangements must be made, if one is going to be away from home, to have one’s animals taken care of as well.

4. It is haraam to keep a dog or any other animal on a short lead for long periods without food, water, and shelter. Dogs need exercise and are social creatures who form organized “family” structures in nature. Dog owners therefore need to spend time daily with their dogs.

5. It is cruel, and therefore haraam, to keep any animal in a cage so small that it cannot behave in a natural way.

6. Fireworks cause untold suffering to most domestic animals because of their acute sense of hearing.

7. It is haraam to participate in any blood “sport,” like dog fighting and trophy hunting.

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I’m not sure that I agree completely on the statement that it is not hygienic to keep a dog inside of a house.  I believe that depends on the individual and how well they maintain cleanliness of the dog and the house.  I know so many individuals who have elected to have a housedog and feel very comfortable and at ease in their home with their dog.

All of God’s creatures are to be treated with kindness and respect.  Furthermore, there are many benefits and joys to having a dog as a pet as well.  Dogs are very loyal creatures and when shown love and kindness, they will respond with so much love to their owner.  Dogs will respond to their names as well as so many other commands (sit, guard, roll over, fetch, etc.).  A dog can entertain a child for hours.  In fact, dogs have been beneficial in helping children who have been diagnosed with Autism.  Dogs help an autistic child deal with every challenges and obstacles and have been found to be very therapeutic.  And of course, dogs have played a role for many years as seeing eye dogs for the visually impaired.

In closing this post I would also say that based on my own experiences in Saudi Arabia and speaking with practicing veterinarians, dogs are becoming more popular among Saudis to have as a part than other animals.  While German Shephards had been the preferred breed, now one will see many kinds of breeds of dogs among dog owners in Saudi, from the very large (Great Dane) to the small (toy poodles and Chihuahuas).

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So now let’s take our own informal poll.  How many of you who are reading this post have a dog or would like to have a dog?   And are you or are you not muslim?  And please quantify your answer.